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| 2034 | 2027 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2008 | 2009 | 2007 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 1993 | 1995 | 1998 | 2000 | 1990 | 1991 | 1987 | 1988 | 1986 | 1983 | 1984 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1974 | 1975 | 1973 | 1972 | 1970 | 1968 | 1969 | 1967 | 1966 | 1965 | 1964 | 1962 | 1961 | 1959 | 1960 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1954 | 1952 | 1953 | 1950 | 1951 | 1948 | 1947 | 1946 | 1944 | 1945 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1939 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1932 | 1933 | 1931 | 1930 | 1928 | 1927 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1916 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 | 1921 | 1915 | 1914 | 1906 | 1907 | 1908 | 1909 | 1910 | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | 1902 | 1904 | 1905 | 1895 | 1896 | 1897 | 1899 | 1900 | 1901 | 1891 | 1893 | 1894 | 1890 | 1888 | 1889 | 1887 | 1885 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1874 | 1875 | 1876 | 1877 | 1878 | 1879 | 1870 | 1871 | 1872 | 1873 | 1868 | 1867 | 1866 | 1865 | 1864 | 1858 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508 | 509 | 511 | 487 | 488 | 489 | 491 | 492 | 495 | 496 | 499 | 458 | 456 | 360 | 294 | 293 | 415 | 416 | 404 | 402 | 398 | 401 | 377 | 386 | 372 | 369 | 368 | 358 | 344 | 353 | 355 | 321 | 322 | 325 | 319 | 257 | 8 | 13 | 14 | 271 | 272 | 33 | 289 | 34 | 35 | 296 | 44 | 45 | 86 | 98 | 100 | 106 | 117 | 139 | 145 | 159 | 182 | 183 | 184 | 185 | 210 | 211 | 212 | 216 | 222 | 223 | 235 | 239 | 240 | 243 | 246 | 248 | 250 | 3587 | 3590 | 3160
Why is spodumene so expensive?
Industrial spodumene is found in massive quantities across major mining regions like Australia, Africa, and North America. Yet if this 1.5kg rock was pure spodumene, it could be powderized and sold for $45 (prices at ceramic suppliers in UK, US and Australia are about $31-35/kg in June 2026). The actual mining commodity price is US$2,100/tonne, pricing this rock at $3. That means finely ground ceramic spodumene is currently selling for 10+ times the mine/concentrate price. The real damage was done by the battery industry, it effectively repriced a ceramic feldspathic mineral as "lithium ore"!
What about lithium carbonate? Albemarle reported an average industrial price of US$19.53/kg in Q2 2026. So potters currently pay only up to 8 times that! Yet, the processing is formidable: The ore must be crushed and beneficiated, then subjected to a high-temperature calcination that converts alpha spodumene to the more reactive beta form, followed by acid roasting, leaching, neutralization, impurity removal and further conversion.
Fortunately, in ceramics, a kiln doesn't care what the source of Li2O is; there are advantages to sourcing it from spodumene and from the carbonate.
Related Pictures
Why is tin oxide so expensive?
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This social media post is a little shocking: tin oxide at 1/5th the cost! I assume it is cheaper there because South American consumers are much closer to the tin-production and industrial-chemical supply chain. In North America, a potter is often buying a specialty imported ceramic material that has passed from the mine to the smelter/refinery, then the chemical manufacturer, then the importer, then the ceramic-material wholesaler, then the pottery supplier who repackages it into small sizes, documents it with an SDS and carries it on slow-moving inventory. Those services are legitimate costs, but they can dwarf the actual processing cost of converting tin into tin oxide.
Why Petalite and Spodumene will seldom substitute for Lithium Carbonate
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Of course, if a recipe only calls for 1-5% lithium carbonate either of these might be candidates to supply the Li2O. However, Petalite is eight times less and Spodumene five times less concentrated than lithium carbonate so to make either worthwhile the prices would need to be eight and five times cheaper. But if a recipe calls for more there is another problem: Petalite is extremely high in silica, which means supplying the needed Li2O from it is almost certainly going to oversupply SiO2. Spodumene will likely do the same. Both are also high in Al2O3 and likely to oversupply that (or at minimum supply the bulk preventing the presence of kaolin in the recipe).
How to make Spodumene using Lithium Carbonate
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Spodumene is super expensive; one dunk in a dipping glaze can now cost dollars. But lithium carbonate is even more so. However, both are used as a source of Li2O. The latter is 6+ times more concentrated. And spodumene is more troublesome in glazes (issues with settling, dusting, slurry properties, consistency). And it can be hard to get. So using the pure lithium material might be a better choice for you.
This side-by-side calculation seems to indicate that 15 Lithium Carbonate, 55 Kaolin and 30 Silica can substitute for 100 parts by weight of Laguna Spodumene Substitute. However, that is not quite correct. Note that my substitute recipe calculates to an LOI of 16.3. If I assume the Laguna material has no LOI (for convenience, it actually has 0.2%), that means each of the amounts need to be divided by (100-16.3)/100=0.84. Thus, to substitute for 100 parts of spodumene, you need ~120 of this mix (18 lithium carbonate, 66 kaolin and 36 silica).
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