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The most plastic kaolin in North America.

#6 Tile kaolin is a "designer kaolin"; they add bentonite to the material during manufacture to increase the plasticity far beyond what Mother Nature can make. This 10-inch vase is made from the pure kaolin, it is very thin-walled and light. This would be impossible with almost any other kaolin. The fired colour is darker than some other North American kaolins, but less of this (and less added bentonite) is required in a recipe to get the same plasticity. Thus, in the end, a plastic porcelain body can often fire just as white using this as other whiter-burning, but less plastic kaolins.

Vase made from pure #6 Tile kaolin

Related Pictures

How to judge the plasticity of a shipment of Kaolin:

Throw it on the potter's wheel!


Throwing EPK

This picture has its own page with more detail, click here to see it.

Technicians at factories cannot do this test, but potters can. It is easy to slurry up and dewater a couple of pounds of two samples of kaolin powder (a benchmark and the current shipment). There is no quicker way to compare their plasticities; just throw equal weights as high and thin as possible. This shipment of light EPK (there were two versions, light and dark) was just barely plastic enough to throw this cylinder with a slight belly. Notice the splits on the rim; these are indicative of the shortness. EPK has a cohesiveness (evident by the stickiness of the wet material), that is also notable when using it as a pottery body. This property is unusual and part of the reason it worked so well in glaze slurries. It imparted a toughness, enabling it survive the stresses of throwing even though it was so non-plastic.

Mastering Glazes High-Cal Matte crawling:

Know Tile #6 kaolin, know the fix.


This picture has its own page with more detail, click here to see it.

The kaolin is implicated in this glaze crawling problem. 30% EPK is a lot - a tipping point for issues with shrinkage and cracking on drying. Although #6 Tile kaolin in its place (center) doesn't disrupt the overall chemistry, it does disrupt the drying shrinkage: it is just too plastic for that high a percentage in a recipe. The fix is to substitute part of it for calcined kaolin.

Calcined kaolin has no LOI (vs 12% for raw kaolins). Without overthinking it, LOI-adjust by considering that 10% less is needed. So 20% #6 Tile and 9% calcined kaolin will equal 30% EPK. The right panel shows the calculated chemistry of the recipe with this change; notice it is very close to the same.

There are other fix options also. NZ and Grolleg kaolins are less plastic choices than #6 Tile; using either might mean that no calcined material is needed. Also, the failure happened on multi-layering of dipping glazes; crawling is common with that. The base glaze could have been mixed as a base-coat dipping glaze.

Links

Materials Tile #6 Kaolin
The most plastic kaolin in North America, most suitable for making plastic porcelains but increasingly being used in glazes to replace EPK.
Glossary Plasticity
Plasticity (in ceramics) is a property exhibited by soft clay. Force exerted effects a change in shape and the clay exhibits no tendency to return to the old shape. Elasticity is the opposite.

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