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Niko Leung finding and testing clays in Hong Kong

She is using the DFAC test and SHAB test to systematically characterize each clay. Based on the results she will be able to either blend them or incorporate other materials (e.g. bentonite to add plasticity, feldspar to aid vitrification, kaolin or ball clay to impede vitrification, barium carbonate to precipitate solubles salts, silica to help with glaze fit, etc.). She is using code numbering to organize testing and material location records.

Niko Leung testing clays

Related Pictures

Testing your own native clays is easier than you think


Simple tests being done on a found clay

Some simple equipment is all you need. You can do practical tests to characterize a local clay in your own studio or workshop (e.g. our SHAB test, DFAC test, SIEV test, LDW test). You need a gram scale (preferably accurate to 0.01g) and a set of callipers (check Amazon.com). Some metal sieves (search "Tyler Sieves" on Ebay). A stamp to mark samples with code and specimen numbers. A plaster table or slab. A propeller mixer. And, of course, a test kiln. And you need a place to put all the measurement data collected and learn from it (e.g. an account at insight-live.com).

Niko Leung uses "wild clays" from construction sites in Hong Kong


Clay block construction

Niko is trained as a product designer so the science and physics of clays and firing require lots of self-learning. She is "salvaging" red burning stoneware materials and hand building these large brick forms for firing between cone 7-8. Drying and firing such shapes without cracking is very demanding. For drying the blocks evenly she made a drying cabinet and put a hot fan to blow in warm air, maintaining an interior temperature of 45C (with high humidity). She puts the blocks on a piece of flat tile and covers them with a cloth to further assist in bringing away the moisture. She is able to fire the pieces on the third day after they have been in the drying tent for 2 days. The drying tent is an idea from the EKWC (European Ceramic Work Centre), these are often used for drying sculptures. Her firing schedule is 80C/hr to 140 with a 1-hour hold, 85C/hr to 650 with a 5-minute hold, 150C/hr to 1130 with a 30-minute hold, 60C/hr to 1230 with a 15-minute hold, 500C/hr to 1130 with a 30-minute hold, 83C/hr to 760.

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