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Generic materials are those with no brand name. Normally they are theoretical, the chemistry portrays what a specimen would be if it had no contamination. Generic materials are helpful in educational situations where students need to study material theory (later they graduate to dealing with real world materials). They are also helpful where the chemistry of an actual material is not known. Often the accuracy of calculations is sufficient using generic materials.
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Magnesite
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Potash Feldspar
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Pearl Ash
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Pyrophyllite
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Red Lead
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Rutile
A raw TiO2-containing mineral used in ceramics to color and variegate glaze surfaces. |
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Silica
Silica, sold as a white powder, is pure quartz mineral. Quartz is the most abundant mineral, it is pure SiO2 silicon dioxide. |
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Sodium Carbonate
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Soda Feldspar
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Sodium Borate
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Sodium Silicate
A sticky, viscous liquid. The most common deflocculant used in ceramics. Also used as a bonding agent. |
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Petalite
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Perlite
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Magnesium Oxide
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Magnesium Zirconium Silicate
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Manganese Oxide
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Manganese Carbonate
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Manganese Dioxide
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Mica
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Mullite
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Nepheline Syenite
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Nickel Carbonate
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Nickel Oxide Black
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Spodumene
Spodumene is a lithium sourcing feldspar, an alternative to lithium carbonate to supply Li2O to ceramic glazes. Contains up to about 8% Li2O. |
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Strontium Carbonate
A pure source of SrO for ceramic glazes. It contains 70% SrO and has an LOI of 30% (released as CO2 during firing). |
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Zircon
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Bismuth Oxide
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Attapulgite
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Apatite
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Silicon Carbide
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Calcium Chloride
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Stain
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Frit
Frits are made by melting mixes of raw materials, quenching the melt in water, grinding the pebbles into a powder. Frits have chemistries raw materials cannot. |
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Fireclay
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Grog
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Borax Decahydrate
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Nickel Oxide Green
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Talc
A source of MgO for ceramic glazes, a flux or thermal expansion additive in clay bodies, also used in the manufacture of cordierite. |
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Tin Oxide
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Titanium Dioxide
A super white powder used in ceramic glazes to variegate, opacify and moderate color. |
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Tricalcium Phosphate
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Ulexite
A natural source of boron, it melts at a very low temperature to a clear glass. |
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Vanadium Pentoxide
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Volcanic Ash
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Wollastonite
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Zinc Borate
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Zinc Oxide
A pure source of ZnO for ceramic glazes, it is 100% pure with no LOI. |
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Methylcellulose
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Lithium Carbonate
A powerful melter very valuable in ceramic glazes. It is 40% Li2O and has an LOI of 60% (lost as CO2 on firing). This material in now incredibly expensive. |
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Alumina
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Calcined Kaolin
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Calcium Borate
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Calcium Carbonate
In ceramics, calcium carbonate is primarily a source of CaO in raw stoneware and porcelain glazes. |
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Calcium Feldspar
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Calcium Silicate
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Chrome Oxide
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Cobalt Carbonate
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Cobalt Oxide
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Colemanite
A natural source of boron that melts at a very low temperature. |
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Copper Carbonate
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Boric Acid
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Borax Pentahydrate
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Calcined Alumina
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Alumina Hydrate
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Anhydrous Borax
A white, odorless product crystalline granular by dehydrating Borax to remove the crystal bound water. |
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Antimony Oxide
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Ball Clay
A fine particled highly plastic secondary clay used mainly to impart plasticity to clay and porcelain bodies and to suspend glaze, slips and engobe slurries. |
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Barium Carbonate
A pure source of BaO for ceramic glazes. This is 77% BaO and has an LOI of 23% (lost at CO2 on firing). |
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Barium Sulfate
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Bentonite
Bentonite can make a clay body instantly plastic, only 2-3% can have a big effect. It also suspends slurries so they don't settle out and slows down drying. |
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Bismuth Subnitrate
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Bone Ash
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Copper Carbonate Basic
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Copper Oxide Black
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Ilmenite
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Iron Oxide Black
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Iron Oxide Red
Red iron oxide is the most common colorant used in ceramic bodies and glazes. As a powder, it is available in red, yellow, black and other colors. |
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Iron Oxide Yellow
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Kaolin
The purest of all clays in nature. Kaolins are used in porcelains and stonewares to impart whiteness, in glazes to supply Al2O3 and to suspend slurries. |
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Kyanite
Kyanite is a granular material used in the manufacture of ceramics and abrasives. It is notable for low thermal expansion and one-way expansion on heating. |
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Lead Carbonate
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Litharge
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Lepidolite
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Light Magnesium Carbonate
A refractory feather-light white powder used as a source of MgO and matting agent in ceramic glazes |
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Fluorspar
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Flint
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Copper Oxide Red
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Cornwall Stone
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Cryolite
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Crystalline Silica
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Diatomaceous Earth
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Dolomite
An inexpensive source of MgO and CaO for ceramic glazes, also a highly refractory material when fired in the absence of reactant fluxes. |
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English Kaolin
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Epsom Salts
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Feldspar
In ceramics, feldspars are used in glazes and clay bodies. They vitrify stonewares and porcelains. They supply KNaO flux to glazes to help them melt. |
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Fibrous Wollastonite
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Ceramic Rutile
Rutile mineral ground to a very fine particle size (e.g. 325 mesh) contributes titanium and iron that colors and variegates ceramic glazes. |
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