Porosity
In ceramic testing this term generally refers to the pore space within a fired clay body, as such it is also referred to as absorption. It is measured by weighing a specimen, boiling it in water, weighing it again, and calculating the increase in weight. As ceramic clay bodies vitrify in a kiln they densify and shrink (thus reducing pore space). The % porosity of a body is thus an indicator of its degree of vitrification. Porosity also implies strength (in comparison to specimens fired at different temperatures that have greater or lesser porosities). Porcelains normally can be fired to a point of zero-porosity but doing so brings them close enough to melting that ware tends to warp in the kiln. Stonewares and earthenwares reach a minimum porosity that can be well above zero (as much as 3%), firing beyond that bloats or melts the body. If porosities are measured over a range of temperatures for a body it is possible to create a graph to get a visual representation of the body's maturing range. The porosities plotted against temperature produce a line that decreases to a minimum, levels out then drops quickly rises.
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